{"id":51780,"date":"2026-01-27T11:01:16","date_gmt":"2026-01-27T09:01:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cobalt.legal\/?p=51780"},"modified":"2026-01-27T11:02:33","modified_gmt":"2026-01-27T09:02:33","slug":"geneeriliste-ravimite-torjumine-pole-riskivaba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cobalt.legal\/et\/news-cases\/geneeriliste-ravimite-torjumine-pole-riskivaba\/","title":{"rendered":"Geneeriliste ravimite t\u00f5rjumine pole riskivaba"},"content":{"rendered":"

Artikkel ilmus 26.detsember 2025 \u00c4rip\u00e4eva Meditsiiniuudistes<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

Geneeriliste ravimite t\u00f5rjumine turult originaalravimi turupositsiooni kaitsmiseks ei ole riskivaba, kirjutavad advokaadib\u00fcroo COBALT advokaadid Anna-Riin Brett<\/a> ja Kadri Michelson<\/a>.<\/p>\n

See, et originaalravimite ettev\u00f5tted p\u00fc\u00fcavad takistada geneeriliste ravimitega turule sisenemist, pole midagi uut. Originaalravimite ettev\u00f5tted r\u00f5hutavad vajadust kaitsta suuri teadus- ja arendustegevuse investeeringuid. Geneeriliste ravimite ettev\u00f5tted omakorda v\u00e4idavad, et \u00f5igustamatute abin\u00f5udega v\u00f5idakse aastaid takistada odavamate ravimite j\u00f5udmist patsientideni.<\/p>\n

Arvestades kohtupraktika viimaseid arenguid, peaksid ravimiettev\u00f5tted olema oma patentide kaitsmisel t\u00e4helepanelikud.<\/p>\n

M\u00fcndi kaks k\u00fclge, mis on ravimituru toimimiseks h\u00e4davajalikud<\/span><\/h4>\n

Farmaatsiat\u00f6\u00f6stus s\u00f5ltub innovatsioonist ning seet\u00f5ttu on originaalravimid ravimituru arengu alustalaks. Uut ravimit kaitseb eelk\u00f5ige patent, mis tagab ravimile patendikaitse ajaks turul monopoli. Sel perioodil on ravimi v\u00e4lja t\u00f6\u00f6tanud ettev\u00f5ttel v\u00f5imalik teenida oma ravimilt ilma konkuretsita, ostjate \u00fcle v\u00f5istlemata ja ise hinda kujundades. Ilma originaalravimiteta aeglustuks meditsiini areng ja patsientidel oleks v\u00e4hem raviv\u00f5imalusi.<\/p>\n

Geneerilised ravimid on olulised p\u00e4rast originaalravimi kaitse l\u00f5ppemist. Kuna geneerilised ravimid on bioekvivalentsed originaalravimitega, saavad patsiendid sama ravitoime taskukohasema hinnaga. See parandab ravimite k\u00e4ttesaadavust ning v\u00e4hendab nii patsientide kui ka tervishoius\u00fcsteemi kulusid. Originaal- ja geneeriliste ravimite koosm\u00f5ju loob tasakaalus turu, kus innovatsioon ja taskukohasus toetavad teineteist.<\/p>\n

Kohtumenetluse abil konkurentsi t\u00f5rjumine on osa \u00e4ristrateegiast<\/span><\/h4>\n

Geneerilise ravimi turuletulek v\u00f5ib t\u00e4hendada originaalravimi hinnalangust ja turuosa kiiret muutumist. Originaalravimi ettev\u00f5tted kasutavad seet\u00f5ttu k\u00f5iki v\u00f5imalusi, et v\u00e4ltida olukorda, kus geneerik j\u00f5uab turule enne, kui patendi kehtivus on l\u00f5plikult kontrollitud. Oma turupositsiooni s\u00e4ilitamiseks esitatakse geneerilise ravimi m\u00fc\u00fcja vastu patendi rikkumisele tuginev hagi. Hagiavaldusest \u00fcksi ei piisa \u2013 sel ei ole kohest efekti. Selleks tuleb esitada ka hagi tagamise avaldus ja taotleda kohtult l\u00f5pliku kohtulahendi j\u00f5ustumiseni abin\u00f5ude kohaldamist, mis v\u00e4listaksid koheselt ja t\u00e4ielikult konkureeriva ravimipreparaadi turuletuleku.<\/p>\n

\u00dcldjuhul toimub kaks paralleelset menetlust: \u00fches menetluses vaieldakse patendi kehtivuse \u00fcle ning teises menetluses tuginetakse patendi rikkumise ohule ja patendikaitse vajaduse ettek\u00e4\u00e4ndel t\u00f5rjutakse geneeriline konkurent turult. Vaidluste lahendamine patendi kehtivuse \u00fcle v\u00f5tab \u00fcldjuhul aastaid ja seni ei saa teises menetluses kohaldatud abin\u00f5u t\u00f5ttu geneerilise ravimiga turule tulla. Probleeme tekitab kirjeldatud patendikaitsestrateegia siis, kui tuginetakse intellektuaalomandi \u00f5igusele, mis ei vasta eeldustele ja hiljem t\u00fchistatakse.<\/p>\n

Viivita-ja-maksa-strateegia<\/span><\/h4>\n

Riigikohus tegi sel teemal hiljuti olulise lahendi, mis m\u00f5jutab otseselt ravimituru toimimist ja tasakaalu originaalravimite ning geneeriliste ravimite turule toojate vahel. Originaalravimi ettev\u00f5te taotles patendivaidluses hagi tagamist ning geneerilise ravimi m\u00fc\u00fck peatati aastateks, kuid hiljem patendid t\u00fchistati. T\u00fchistatud patenti k\u00e4sitletakse \u00f5iguslikus m\u00f5ttes nii nagu seda ei oleks kunagi olemas olnud. K\u00fcsimus j\u00e4i: kes vastutab geneerilise ravimi turult eemal hoidmisega tekitatud kahju eest?<\/p>\n

Riigikohus kinnitas hiljutisest Euroopa Kohtu praktikast l\u00e4htudes, et Eesti \u00f5iguse j\u00e4rgi tuleb originaalravimi ettev\u00f5ttel geneerilise ravimi ettev\u00f5ttele tekkinud kahju h\u00fcvitada olenemata s\u00fc\u00fcst. Lihtsustatult v\u00f5ib seda m\u00f5ista kui automaatset vastutust tekkinud kahju eest, kuna piisab patendi kaitseks esitatud hagi rahuldamata j\u00e4\u00e4misest, mis on t\u00fchistatud patendi puhul paratamatu. Vastutust ei m\u00f5juta n\u00e4iteks ka see, kas originaalravimi ettev\u00f5te pidi patendi kehtetust ette n\u00e4gema v\u00f5i mitte.<\/p>\n

Lahend t\u00f5i nii geneeriku kui ka originaali vaatest kaua oodatud selguse. Originaalravimi ettev\u00f5ttel tuleb arvestada hagi tagamise taotlemisel sellega kaasneva olulise finantsriskiga. Geneerilise ravimi ettev\u00f5ttele annab see samas kindlustunde, et alusetu turult t\u00f5rjumisega tekitatud kahju ei j\u00e4\u00e4 h\u00fcvitamata.<\/p>\n

Niisugune viivita-ja-maksa-strateegia on tegelikult levinud \u00fcle maailma ning selles n\u00e4hakse laiemat probleemi. Geneerilise ravimi ettev\u00f5ttel on v\u00f5imalik hiljem esitada kahju h\u00fcvitamise n\u00f5ue. Samas tuleb t\u00f5deda, et kahju ei teki \u00fcksnes geneerikutele, vaid ka patsientidele ja riiklikule tervishoius\u00fcsteemile, kes valikuv\u00f5imaluste puudumise t\u00f5ttu on sunnitud tegema kulutusi originaalravimi hinna j\u00e4rgi. Seega k\u00f5igile k\u00fcsimustele vastuseid Riigikohtu lahendist veel ei leia.<\/p>\n

Tasakaalu leidmine innovatsiooni ja konkurentsi vahel<\/span><\/h4>\n

Kahtlemata on oluline, et tagatud oleks intellektuaalomandi \u00f5iguste kaitse k\u00f5rge tase, mis toetab uute ravimite v\u00e4ljat\u00f6\u00f6tamist. K\u00fcll aga peab patendi kohtu kaudu \u201ej\u00f5uga\u201c maksmapanemisega k\u00e4ima k\u00e4sik\u00e4es vastutus. Kui selgub, et geneerilist ravimit hoiti turult eemal alusetult, siis on takistatud t\u00e4ielikult seaduslikku kaubandust ning seda majanduslikku riski ei saa j\u00e4tta geneerikutele.<\/p>\n

Niisiis tasub ravimiettev\u00f5tetel v\u00f5tta kohtupraktika arenguid oma strateegias arvesse. Muretu originaalravimi kaitse tagab tugev patent. N\u00f5rk patent v\u00f5ib seevastu tuua endaga kaasa kulukad kohtuvaidlused ja konkurentidele kahju h\u00fcvitamise kohustuse.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Artikkel ilmus 26.detsember 2025 \u00c4rip\u00e4eva Meditsiiniuudistes Geneeriliste ravimite t\u00f5rjumine turult originaalravimi turupositsiooni kaitsmiseks ei ole riskivaba, kirjutavad advokaadib\u00fcroo COBALT advokaadid Anna-Riin Brett ja Kadri Michelson. See, et originaalravimite ettev\u00f5tted p\u00fc\u00fcavad takistada geneeriliste ravimitega turule sisenemist, pole midagi uut. Originaalravimite ettev\u00f5tted..<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":51786,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"country":[84],"class_list":["post-51780","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-et","country-estonia-et"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nGeneeriliste ravimite t\u00f5rjumine pole riskivaba | COBALT<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Geneeriliste ravimite t\u00f5rjumine turult originaalravimi turupositsiooni kaitsmiseks ei ole riskivaba, kirjutavad advokaadib\u00fcroo COBALT advokaadid Anna-Riin Brett ja Kadri Michelson.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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