{"id":27222,"date":"2023-09-23T18:08:48","date_gmt":"2023-09-23T15:08:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/stage.www.cobalt.legal\/?p=27222"},"modified":"2023-09-23T18:13:07","modified_gmt":"2023-09-23T15:13:07","slug":"ko-paredz-jaunais-kriptoaktivu-regulejums-micar-un-kads-ir-ta-tverums","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cobalt.legal\/lv\/news-cases\/ko-paredz-jaunais-kriptoaktivu-regulejums-micar-un-kads-ir-ta-tverums\/","title":{"rendered":"Ko paredz jaunais kriptoakt\u012bvu regul\u0113jums (MiCAR) un k\u0101ds ir t\u0101 tv\u0113rums"},"content":{"rendered":"

2023. gada 29. j\u016bnij\u0101 st\u0101j\u0101s sp\u0113k\u0101 Regula par kriptoakt\u012bvu tirgiem (MiCAR), ko pl\u0101nots s\u0101kt piem\u0113rot no 2024. gada un kas attieksies uz visiem kriptoakt\u012bvu veidiem, kas nav iek\u013cauti k\u0101d\u0101 no ties\u012bbu aktiem, kas regul\u0113 finan\u0161u pakalpojumus. \u0160aj\u0101 rakst\u0101 apskat\u012bsim MiCAR tv\u0113rumu, k\u0101 ar\u012b MiCAR ietekmi uz ES licenc\u0113t\u0101m kred\u012btiest\u0101d\u0113m, ieguld\u012bjumu brokeru sabiedr\u012bb\u0101m, ieguld\u012bjumu p\u0101rvaldes sabiedr\u012bb\u0101m, alternat\u012bvajiem ieguld\u012bjumu fondiem un e-naudas iest\u0101d\u0113m, kas v\u0113las sniegt kriptoakt\u012bvu pakalpojumus.<\/p>\n

MiCAR regul\u0113t\u0101s kriptoakt\u012bvu kategorijas<\/strong><\/p>\n

MiCAR nepied\u0101v\u0101 izsme\u013co\u0161u kriptoakt\u012bvu taksonomiju. T\u0101 viet\u0101 tiek izdal\u012btas \u010detras kriptoakt\u012bvu kategorijas \u2013 (i) e-naudas tokeni, (ii) akt\u012bviem piesaist\u012bti tokeni, (iii) pat\u0113ri\u0146a funkcijas tokeni un (iv) citi kriptoakt\u012bvi. Tokeniem, kas atbild\u012bs \u0161\u012bm defin\u012bcij\u0101m, tiks piem\u0113roti MiCAR ietvertie noteikumi.<\/p>\n

E-naudas tokens<\/u> ir kriptoakt\u012bva veids, kuru galvenok\u0101rt izmanto k\u0101 mai\u0146as l\u012bdzekli un kura m\u0113r\u0137is ir uztur\u0113t stabilu v\u0113rt\u012bbu, atsaucoties tikai uz vienas valsts ofici\u0101lo val\u016btu.<\/p>\n

Akt\u012bviem piesaist\u012bts tokens<\/u> ir kriptoakt\u012bvu veids, kura m\u0113r\u0137is ir uztur\u0113t stabilu v\u0113rt\u012bbu, atsaucoties uz vair\u0101k\u0101m ofici\u0101laj\u0101m val\u016bt\u0101m, vienu vai vair\u0101k\u0101m prec\u0113m vai vienu vai vair\u0101kiem kriptoakt\u012bviem, vai \u0161\u0101du akt\u012bvu kombin\u0101ciju. \u0160aj\u0101 kategorij\u0101 ietilpst stabil\u0101s kriptomon\u0113tas (stablecoins<\/em>).<\/p>\n

J\u0101bilst, ka ne velti \u0161\u012b kriptoakt\u012bvu kategorija MiCAR nod\u0113v\u0113ta tie\u0161i par \u201cakt\u012bviem piesaist\u012btiem tokeniem\u201d, nevis \u201car akt\u012bviem nodro\u0161in\u0101tiem tokeniem\u201d. MiCAR neietver pras\u012bbu stabilo kriptomon\u0113tu emitentiem past\u0101v\u012bgi uztur\u0113t akt\u012bvu rezervi, kas ir vien\u0101da vai p\u0101rsniedz emit\u0113to tokenu v\u0113rt\u012bbu. Detaliz\u0113tus tehniskos standartus 12 m\u0113ne\u0161u laik\u0101 p\u0113c regulas sp\u0113k\u0101 st\u0101\u0161an\u0101s izdos EBI, tajos preciz\u0113jot likvidit\u0101tes pras\u012bbas, \u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101 to rezerves akt\u012bvu un akt\u012bviem piesaist\u012bto tokenu lielumu, sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u012bbu un b\u016bt\u012bbu.<\/p>\n

Pat\u0113ri\u0146a funkcijas tokens<\/u> (utility token<\/em>) ir kriptoakt\u012bvs, kas paredz\u0113ts, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu digit\u0101lu piek\u013cuvi precei vai pakalpojumam, kas pieejams sadal\u012bt\u0101s virsgr\u0101matas tehnolo\u0123ij\u0101, un to pie\u0146em tikai \u0161\u012b tokena emitents.<\/p>\n

Liela da\u013ca no MiCAR noteiktaj\u0101m pras\u012bb\u0101m vienl\u012bdz attieksies uz vis\u0101m piemin\u0113taj\u0101m kriptoakt\u012bvu kategorij\u0101m, ta\u010du noteiktas pras\u012bbas b\u016bs specifiskas katrai kategorijai atsevi\u0161\u0137i. V\u0113l papildu pras\u012bbas attieksies uz t\u0101 sauktajiem \u201cnoz\u012bm\u012bgajiem\u201d akt\u012bviem piesaist\u012btajiem tokeniem un e-naudas tokeniem. Kriptoakt\u012bvu par noz\u012bm\u012bgu atz\u012bs EBI, atbilsto\u0161i MiCAR ietvertajiem krit\u0113rijiem.<\/p>\n

P\u0101rrobe\u017eu darb\u012bba un tre\u0161o valstu emitenti un kriptoakt\u012bvu pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113ji (CASP)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Operatori, kas sa\u0146\u0113mu\u0161i at\u013cauju vien\u0101 ES dal\u012bbvalst\u012b, var\u0113s savus pakalpojumus sniegt vis\u0101 Eiropas Savien\u012bb\u0101 (passporting mechanism<\/em>). Turpretim attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz tre\u0161o valstu operatoriem ekvivalences re\u017e\u012bms nav noteikts. Kriptoakt\u012bvu emitentiem, kas v\u0113las izlaist kriptoakt\u012bvus Eiropas Savien\u012bb\u0101 vai CASP, kas v\u0113las sniegt pakalpojumus Eiropas Savien\u012bb\u0101, p\u0113c visp\u0101r\u0113j\u0101 principa b\u016bs j\u0101b\u016bt re\u0123istr\u0113tiem Eiropas Savien\u012bb\u0101.<\/p>\n

Tom\u0113r ar\u012b \u0161aj\u0101 jaut\u0101jum\u0101 ir nianses: akt\u012bviem piesaist\u012bto tokenu emitentu juridiskajai adresei j\u0101b\u016bt Eiropas Savien\u012bb\u0101, bet e-naudas tokenu emitentiem Eiropas Savien\u012bb\u0101 j\u0101re\u0123istr\u0113jas k\u0101 kred\u012btiest\u0101dei vai elektronisk\u0101s naudas iest\u0101dei. Attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz citu kriptoakt\u012bvu emitentiem \u2013 juridiskaj\u0101m person\u0101m – MiCAR nenosaka pras\u012bbu re\u0123istr\u0113ties Eiropas Savien\u012bb\u0101. Turpretim CASP ir j\u0101b\u016bt uz\u0146\u0113mumam ar juridisko adresi un faktisko vad\u012bbas centru Eiropas Savien\u012bb\u0101, k\u0101 ar\u012b vismaz vienam direktoram ir j\u0101b\u016bt Eiropas Savien\u012bbas rezidentam. Vien\u012bgais tre\u0161o valstu pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113jiem pieejamais iz\u0146\u0113mums b\u016bs pakalpojumu snieg\u0161ana p\u0113c klienta ekskluz\u012bvas iniciat\u012bvas (reverse solicitation<\/em>). Turkl\u0101t \u0161is iz\u0146\u0113mums tiks interpret\u0113ts \u0161auri.<\/p>\n

MiCAR regul\u0113jums kriptoakt\u012bvu emitentiem un pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113jiem<\/strong><\/p>\n

MiCAR noteiks licenc\u0113\u0161an\u0101s pras\u012bbas akt\u012bviem piesaist\u012btu tokenu un e-naudas tokenu emitentiem un kriptoakt\u012bvu pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113jiem. T\u0101pat MiCAR ietvertas ar\u012b balto gr\u0101matu sagatavo\u0161anas pras\u012bbas (ieskaitot to apstiprin\u0101\u0161anu akt\u012bviem piesaist\u012bto tokenu gad\u012bjum\u0101), p\u0101rredzam\u012bbas un inform\u0101cijas atkl\u0101\u0161anas pras\u012bbas attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz kriptoakt\u012bvu emisiju, publisko pied\u0101v\u0101jumu sabiedr\u012bbai un pielaidi tirdzniec\u012bbai; k\u0101 ar\u012b tirgus \u013caunpr\u0101t\u012bgas izmanto\u0161anas nov\u0113r\u0161anas pras\u012bbas attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz darb\u012bb\u0101m ar kriptoakt\u012bviem.<\/p>\n

Par kriptoakt\u012bvu pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113ju tiks uzskat\u012bta persona, kas sniedz k\u0101du no \u0161iem pakalpojumiem:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. kriptoakt\u012bvu tur\u0113\u0161ana un p\u0101rvald\u012b\u0161ana tre\u0161o personu v\u0101rd\u0101;<\/li>\n
  2. kriptoakt\u012bvu tirdzniec\u012bbas platformas uztur\u0113\u0161ana;<\/li>\n
  3. kriptoakt\u012bvu apmai\u0146a pret ofici\u0101lu val\u016btu;<\/li>\n
  4. kriptoakt\u012bvu apmai\u0146a pret citiem kriptoakt\u012bviem;<\/li>\n
  5. ar kriptoakt\u012bviem saist\u012btu r\u012bkojumu izpilde tre\u0161o personu v\u0101rd\u0101;<\/li>\n
  6. kriptoakt\u012bvu izvieto\u0161ana;<\/li>\n
  7. ar kriptoakt\u012bviem saist\u012btu r\u012bkojumu pie\u0146em\u0161ana un nodo\u0161ana tre\u0161o personu v\u0101rd\u0101;<\/li>\n
  8. konsult\u0101ciju snieg\u0161ana par kriptoakt\u012bviem;<\/li>\n
  9. kriptoakt\u012bvu emitentu un pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113ju at\u013cauju sa\u0146em\u0161anas un to turpm\u0101ko uzraudz\u012bbas k\u0101rt\u012bbu;<\/li>\n
  10. portfe\u013ca p\u0101rvald\u012bba saist\u012bb\u0101 ar kriptoakt\u012bviem.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    T\u0101 k\u0101 MiCAR pamatpras\u012bbas p\u0113d\u0113jos m\u0113ne\u0161os ir pla\u0161i aprakst\u012btas, \u0161oreiz piev\u0113rs\u012bsimies maz\u0101k popul\u0101rajam jaut\u0101jumam par MiCAR ietekmi uz t\u0101m sabiedr\u012bb\u0101m, kas jau sa\u0146\u0113mu\u0161as cita veida licenci.<\/p>\n

    MiCAR ietekme uz sabiedr\u012bb\u0101m, kas jau sa\u0146\u0113mu\u0161as licenci<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Kred\u012btiest\u0101d\u0113m, ieguld\u012bjumu brokeru sabiedr\u012bb\u0101m, alternat\u012bvo invest\u012bciju fondu p\u0101rvaldniekiem, PVKIU ieguld\u012bjumu p\u0101rvaldes sabiedr\u012bb\u0101m un elektronisk\u0101s naudas iest\u0101d\u0113m, kas jau sa\u0146\u0113mu\u0161as licenci saska\u0146\u0101 ar tiem piem\u0113rojamajiem ties\u012bbu aktiem, un v\u0113las sniegt kriptoval\u016btu pakalpojumus, tiks piem\u0113rota vienk\u0101r\u0161ota k\u0101rt\u012bba.<\/p>\n

    Kred\u012btiest\u0101des<\/u> var\u0113s sniegt jebkuru kriptoakt\u012bvu pakalpojumu bez papildu licences sa\u0146em\u0161anas.<\/p>\n

    MiFID ieguld\u012bjumu brokeru sabiedr\u012bbas<\/u> var\u0113s sniegt tos kriptoakt\u012bvu pakalpojumus, kas uzskat\u0101mi par ekvivalentiem t\u0101m darb\u012bb\u0101m un pakalpojumiem, kuru snieg\u0161anai sabiedr\u012bba ir pie\u0161\u0137irta licence saska\u0146\u0101 ar MiFID. MiCAR sniedz uzskait\u012bjumu ar tiem kriptoval\u016btu pakalpojumiem, kas tiek uzskat\u012bti par ekvivalentiem MiFID pakalpojumiem.<\/p>\n

    PVKIU ieguld\u012bjumu p\u0101rvaldes sabiedr\u012bbas<\/u> un alternat\u012bvo ieguld\u012bjumu fondu p\u0101rvaldnieki<\/u> bez papildu licences sa\u0146em\u0161anas var\u0113s sniegt kriptoakt\u012bvu pakalpojumus (kriptoakt\u012bvu r\u012bkojumu pie\u0146em\u0161ana un nodo\u0161ana tre\u0161o personu v\u0101rd\u0101, konsult\u0101ciju snieg\u0161ana par kriptoakt\u012bviem, kriptoakt\u012bvu portfe\u013cu p\u0101rvald\u012bba), kas ir ekvivalenti ieguld\u012bjumu portfe\u013cu p\u0101rvald\u012b\u0161anai un blakuspakalpojumiem saska\u0146\u0101 ar Direkt\u012bvu 2009\/65\/EK vai blakuspakalpojumiem saska\u0146\u0101 ar Direkt\u012bvu 2011\/61\/ES atbilsto\u0161i MiCAR sniegtajam uzskait\u012bjumam.<\/p>\n

    Elektronisk\u0101s naudas iest\u0101des<\/u> bez papildu licences sa\u0146em\u0161anas var\u0113s attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz to izdotajiem e-naudas tokeniem sniegt kriptoakt\u012bvu uzraudz\u012bbas un p\u0101rvald\u012bbas pakalpojumus, k\u0101 ar\u012b kriptoakt\u012bvu pas\u016bt\u012bjumu sa\u0146em\u0161anas un nos\u016bt\u012b\u0161anas pakalpojumus.<\/p>\n

    Par kriptoval\u016btu pakalpojumu snieg\u0161anas uzs\u0101k\u0161anu iepriek\u0161 min\u0113taj\u0101m sabiedr\u012bb\u0101m b\u016bs j\u0101zi\u0146o kompetentajam uzraugam vismaz 40 dienas iepriek\u0161, k\u0101 ar\u012b j\u0101sniedz uzraugam regul\u0101 paredz\u0113t\u0101 inform\u0101cija. Lai ar\u012b pras\u012bbas sal\u012bdzin\u0101jum\u0101 ar licences ieg\u016b\u0161anai izvirz\u012btaj\u0101m pras\u012bb\u0101m ir vienk\u0101r\u0161otas, t\u0101s tik un t\u0101 ir apjom\u012bgas, un operatoriem j\u0101r\u0113\u0137in\u0101s ar b\u016btiskiem laika resursiem iesniedzam\u0101s inform\u0101cijas sagatavo\u0161anai.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    2023. gada 29. j\u016bnij\u0101 st\u0101j\u0101s sp\u0113k\u0101 Regula par kriptoakt\u012bvu tirgiem (MiCAR), ko pl\u0101nots s\u0101kt piem\u0113rot no 2024. gada un kas attieksies uz visiem kriptoakt\u012bvu veidiem, kas nav iek\u013cauti k\u0101d\u0101 no ties\u012bbu aktiem, kas regul\u0113 finan\u0161u pakalpojumus. \u0160aj\u0101 rakst\u0101 apskat\u012bsim MiCAR..<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":2861,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"country":[96],"class_list":["post-27222","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-lv","country-latvia-lv"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nKo paredz jaunais kriptoakt\u012bvu regul\u0113jums (MiCAR) un k\u0101ds ir t\u0101 tv\u0113rums | COBALT<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ko paredz jaunais kriptoakt\u012bvu regul\u0113jums (MiCAR) un k\u0101ds ir t\u0101 tv\u0113rums. 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